A recent review published in Frontiers in Digital Health reveals that internet-based smartphone applications are playing an increasingly vital role in promoting healthy eating habits. The systematic review, conducted by a team of researchers from Ethiopia, aimed to determine the impact of these digital interventions on food behaviour. After analysing 39 studies, the findings suggest that digital tools are not only effective in fostering healthier dietary choices but can also support individuals with chronic health conditions.
The review gathered data from a wide range of studies involving nearly 15,000 participants. The researchers examined 25 smartphone-based apps and 14 web-based apps, finding that over half of the smartphone apps evaluated helped users improve their eating behaviours. The apps proved especially effective in populations dealing with chronic illnesses such as diabetes and hypertension. For healthy adults, however, the results were more inconsistent, with some studies reporting limited benefits.
A notable finding from the review was that apps capable of functioning offline were more likely to have a positive impact on users’ dietary habits. These apps allowed users to continue accessing dietary information even when they were not connected to the internet, thereby helping sustain long-term behaviour changes. Web-based apps, which require internet access, also showed positive effects, particularly in engaging users to consume healthier foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
The review also highlighted how smartphone apps tailored to specific dietary interventions could deliver targeted improvements. For example, apps designed to reduce salt intake were found to be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular conditions. One study demonstrated a significant decrease in sodium intake among hypertensive patients who used a specialised mobile app. Similarly, apps focusing on dietary self-monitoring, such as those supporting the DASH diet, were successful in helping users adhere to healthier eating plans.
For pregnant women, results were more mixed, with some studies showing no significant dietary improvements despite the use of apps. However, apps aimed at supporting exclusive breastfeeding and maternal nutrition were found to be helpful in certain cases.
Social media and nutrition-specific apps were also effective in encouraging healthier food behaviours across a broad spectrum of users. These platforms allowed users to share experiences, receive expert guidance, and track their progress. The interactive nature of social media was found to be particularly engaging for users who might otherwise struggle to maintain healthy dietary habits.
The review’s findings emphasise that policymakers should explore the potential of digital tools in public health campaigns aimed at promoting long-term healthy eating. With growing access to smartphones and the internet, digital health interventions are well-placed to reach a wide audience, supporting not only individual health goals but also national public health objectives.
