With around 975 music festivals held annually across the UK, millions of attendees are exposing themselves to sound levels that can exceed 100 decibels, a volume capable of causing permanent hearing damage with prolonged exposure. As festivals remain a cornerstone of British summer culture, safety experts are raising concerns about the risks of loud music and the importance of correctly using ear plugs to protect hearing.

James Crame, a safety specialist at Start Safety, emphasises that ear plugs are an effective tool to reduce the risk of hearing damage, but only when worn correctly. “Hearing protection is one of the most overlooked PPE items at festivals,” Crame notes. “A poor fit can let dangerous levels of sound through, and crowd noise and prolonged exposure to loud music can cause long-term hearing loss, and incredibly, I see most people wearing their earplugs incorrectly.”

Crame warns that improper use of ear plugs can create a false sense of security. “We see too many people rely on ear plugs without realising they’re not fitted correctly. If they’re loose or only half-inserted, the protection drops dramatically. It gives a false sense of security and can leave festival-goers exposed to the very damage they’re trying to avoid. Taking a few seconds to put them in properly really can make the difference between safe fun and lasting hearing problems.”

How to fit foam (disposable) ear plugs

Crame provides clear guidance on how to use both disposable and reusable ear plugs to ensure maximum safety.

• Roll the plug into a tight, crease-free cylinder.
• Pull the top of your ear up and back to straighten the canal.
• Insert the plug gently but firmly until most of it is inside and it feels snug (don’t force it).
• Hold in place for 20–30 seconds while it expands.
• Repeat for the other ear.

How to fit reusable/filtered (flanged) ear plugs

• Align the stem with your ear canal.
• Pull the ear up and back.
• Twist and push until all flanges are inside and the stem sits flush but comfortable.
• Repeat for the other ear.

Crame advises that properly fitted ear plugs should reduce ambient noise and speech while keeping sounds clear. “You’ll know if they’re fitted correctly when speech and ambient noises sound quieter, but still clear. To test the fit, cup your hands over your ears – if it gets much quieter, then the plugs aren’t sealed; try again. When fitted, both ears should feel equally reduced.”

Common mistakes can undermine ear plug effectiveness

Crame highlights that many festival-goers reduce protection by only half-inserting plugs, failing to roll foam plugs tightly enough, or using dirty or damaged plugs. Sharing ear plugs also increases the risk of ear infections, while forcing plugs in too far can cause discomfort. Foam plugs should be replaced regularly, and reusable plugs need cleaning with mild soap and water, thorough drying, and storage in a clean case.

For frequent festival attendees, Crame recommends investing in custom-moulded ear plugs for superior comfort and protection. These are tailored to the individual’s ear shape, offering a reliable seal and consistent noise reduction. While more expensive, they are a worthwhile investment for those regularly exposed to high-decibel environments.

Before inserting ear plugs, Crame advises washing or sanitising hands and reading the manufacturer’s instructions, as different plugs may have specific fitting requirements. This small step can significantly enhance protection.