World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) today announces two new studies, which find that a reduction in sedentary behaviour positively impacts the quality of life after bowel cancer.
The first study, published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, analyses nearly 400 bowel cancer survivors for two years to assess how sedentary behaviour and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity impact health-related quality of life and fatigue. The results show that a combination of leading a less sedentary lifestyle and doing more physical activity is beneficial for health-related quality of life and fatigue levels in this population.
Importantly, the findings also show that even without increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels, decreasing prolonged sedentary behaviour can still positively impact. This may be particularly relevant for those survivors who may not be able to perform activities at moderate to vigorous intensity, for instance, brisk walking or running, because of their older age or presence of comorbidities.
For those survivors, replacing sedentary behaviour with activities such as gentle housework or light walking may be especially important and could therefore be a relevant target for lifestyle interventions. Moreover, the study shows that the combination of sitting less and moving more can especially improve the daily functioning of survivors after the end of cancer treatment.
The mechanisms causing this are unknown, but further research led by Professor Matty Weijenberg, published in Scientific Reports, found that high levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in bowel cancer survivors have been associated with anti-inflammatories in the body. This could potentially explain the health-enhancing effects of physical activity in bowel cancer survivors and supports its future integration into post-treatment care in this population.
Dr Anna Diaz Font, head of Research Funding at World Cancer Research Fund, said: ‘Being physically active is one of WCRF’s 10 key Cancer Prevention Recommendations. This new research tells us that adhering to these lifestyle recommendations will also positively impact survivors of bowel cancer. It adds to our growing body of research that being physically active and not leading a sedentary lifestyle can not only prevent cancer but also help to improve quality of life during survival.’
Lead researcher, Dr Martijn Bours of Maastricht University, commented on the findings: ‘We are at an exciting age in bowel cancer research, where we see a growing population of people who are surviving the illness. But it is common to see long-lasting health problems related to a cancer diagnosis and treatment, such as fatigue and nerve damage following chemotherapy, which can negatively impact daily functioning and quality of life.’
‘While we need to do more investigational studies to confirm these findings, this research suggests that by being physically active and reducing the amount of sedentary time, we may be able to reduce the impact of these long-lasting health problems and improve the daily functioning and quality of life of cancer survivors.’
Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is the fourth most common cancer in the UK. There are around 42,300 new bowel cancer cases in the UK every year, approximately 110 every day. Bowel cancer is most common in adults aged 60+, but cases are rising in adults under 50, and there have been recent calls to lower the screening age from 50 to 45.
It is currently estimated that 54% of bowel cancer cases are preventable due to lifestyle factors, which include: eating too much red and processed meat, not eating enough foods containing fibre or whole grains, being overweight or obese, not doing enough physical activity, drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco. Eating healthily, living an active life, and maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the risk of 12 types of cancer.
